Grain-car door



2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. J. TREAT.

'GRAIN GAR DOOR.

Patented July 10, 1888.

(No Model.)

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ZSheets-Sheet 2.

(No Moda.)

J. J. TRBT.

GRAIN GAR DOOR.

No. 280,972. y Patented July 10, 1883.

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their construction and operation they only parbeing taken from the outside of the car.

- provements in Grain-Car Doors; and I hereand exact description thereof', reference being it would be almost impossible to open them body of the car by means of a chain, and be- PATE-Nr Finca JAIRUs J. TREAT, or

DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

GRAIN-CAR DOOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters raient No. 280,972, uaieduuiy Io, less. Application filed February 20, 1882. v(No model.l

10 Z5 whomizi may concern:

Be it known that I, JAIRUs J. TREAT, of Detroit, in the county of Vayne and State of Michigan, have invented new and useful Imby declare that the following is a full, clear,

had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

Ihe nature of this invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in the construction and method of securing what are usuallyhdenominated v grain-doors for freightcars.

The peculiar shape of wheat and other grains is such that vibration-as in transportation in railway-cars, when in bulkcauses each particular berry to act asa wedge, exerting a latera-l pressure upon all its sides; hencethe inability to employ for such transportation cars provided with the ordinary doors, for, while they might be able to withstand the pressure,

against that pressure when necessary to discharge the load. Grain-doors, I am aware, have been providedfor cars wherein this difculty has been sought to be obviated; but in tially avoided the objections.

The object of the present invention is to provide' a grain-door which will be rigidly supported against pressure from any direction and held firmly in place while. in use 5 but upon a slight change being made in the fastenings or supports when necessary to unload the car, the pressure of the grain will force the door out of its position, and it, being attached to the ing providedwith means for hanging it up inside the car when not required for use, can be readily covered and hung up without Iinterfering with the room in the body of the car when it is desired to use vthe same for other freights.

Figue 1 is a perspective of a cross-door,` showing my improved method ofsecuring the same against pressure from the inside, the view Fig. 2 is an elevation taken from theinside of the car. Fig. 3 is a sectional detail, showing one of the partially-rotating door posts or janibs and the method of controlling its movement-s..

Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view through the line y y, Fig. l; and Fig. 5 isV a vertical sectional view through the line .fr @,wFig. 1.

The invention consists in so constructing and securing. the door that when the doorjainbs are partially rotated they allow the pressure on then inside of the door to force it outward; also, in the peculiar construction and operation of the semirotating supports or jambs; also, 'in the peculiar arrangement of devices upon the inside of the car for holding the door in position against a vertical Inovenient, and in the peculiar construction, arrangement, and operation of the parts, as more fully hereinafter described..

In the accompanying drawings, A repre rectangular' slot, c., is cut in each end of thethreshold, and in the sill of the car, immediately below such slot, there is a round hole to receive the lower end of the partially-rotating door-jamb C, there being one of thcsejamhs on each side of the doorway. This j amb C is preferably made of cast metal, and is a round shaft squared at top and near the bottoni, just above the rounded part, which is stepped into the hole below the slot in the threshold, and is provided with a ange, b. The upper end of the shaft is stepped in a support,D, with a rectangular hole of sufficient size to allow the squared upper end of the shaft to enter it, and from the upper side of this support this square holeisenlarged to av circular one of suiiicient diameter to allow the squared head of the jamb to rotate freely. These jambs being in position to hold the door in place, the rounded end of the shaft is stepped into its hole, and the squared portion just above it engages with the'recta-ngular slot in the ends of the threshold, and the upper squared end of the shaft engages with the square portion of the hole in the support, with the flanges b on each shaft facing toward each other, thereby forming a very rigid and firm support against the press- IOO AIO

`ure from thev inside against the door E, which portions of the shaft'arev elevated above theirl engagement with the rectangular slot in the threshold and the squared hole in the upper support. 'The pressure of the grain on the inside of the door will partially rotate such shafts and fold the flanges inward against the doorposts, allowing the door to pass out through the opening,with the grain followingv it. When in this position the jambs have been rotated a quarter-turn, the squared portionsof the shafts will drop into their sockets and hold the rotating jambs rigidly in that position again.

The door is secured to the side of the car by means of a chain, and is provided with loops upon its upper edge', by means of which, when the car is unloaded, the door may be `hung up against the inner wallof the car and out of the Way until such car is again required for grain-shipment, when it is put in place, the door-jambs having been rotated to their original position, that the flanges may forni the rest for the door. Upon the inner side. of the car-wall, and on each side ofthe door, there is hung by means of a pin, c, a sliding bolt,

F, the pin passing through aslot in such bolt, as shown. A hook-stop, G, is secured to the side of the car, and each edge of the door is providedwith'a stop, H. When the door is.

in position, this slide bolt or latch engages with the lower side of the hook-stop G and the ,upper edge of the stop H, and there being one of these fastenings oneach side of the door. they hold the same by the diagonalposition of the bolts .or latches against upward movement and against inward movement;

I am aware of Patent No'. 156,540, of 1874; but in that construction it is necessary to form slots in the door to receive the staples, and also Nto entirely remove the key before the door is released. In my construction the door i is simplyprovided with theiinclined lug, and maybe released Iby"ivithdrawing the .key a short distance-that is, from over the stop H- whereuponv it disengages itself, dropping into the position shown in dotted lines in Fig.v 2.

By the use yof a grain-door of this character there are'no obstructions in the iioor alongside the car-wall to prevent the free use of the steam-shovel in unloading, and no obstructions in the way of storing other fruit when the car is used for other purposes than that of transportingk grain.

`What I claim as myinvention isfn l. In a car, the combination, with the loose door E, of the. rotating supports C, having flanges b, and means, substantially as described, for lockingv and unlocking said flanged supports, substantially as specified.v

2. In a Afreight-car, the combination, with the loose doorE, of the .door-threshold, and sockets D', provided with square and round recesses, and the ,l supports C, provided with iianges b, and with square and round portions at the ends to engage with the recesses in the threshold and .blocks D, substantially as de scribed, and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a freight-car,I the combination of a loose door, E, and semi-rotating supports C, having folding flanges b, said 'flanged supports being located one at each end of the outside of Athe door, whereby the pressure of the grain in the car will partially rotate said supports and push the door outwardwhen the fastening devices are released, substantially asdescribed.

- 4. The combination, with a freight-car and the loose door E, of .the guides G, fastened to the door-frame, the sliding bolts F, and the stops H, secured to the door, said bolts and stops acting together to hold the door from moving either inwardly or upwardly, substantially as described.

vJAIRUS J. TREAT.

Witnesses: 4

CHARLES J. Huur,A E. SCULLY. 

